The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck. It produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism and affect nearly every organ system in the body. Thyroid disorders occur when the thyroid produces too much (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) of these hormones.
Some common symptoms of thyroid disorders include:
Hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid, happens when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone. Some causes are Graves' disease, thyroid nodules, and thyroiditis. Symptoms can include anxiety, tremors, heart palpitations, and unexplained weight loss.
Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid, occurs when the thyroid doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause. Symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, and hair loss.
Thyroid nodules are lumps that develop inside the thyroid. Most are benign but around 5% are cancerous, so it's important to get them evaluated. Risk increases with radiation exposure and family history.
Thyroid cancer accounts for about 1% of all cancers diagnosed each year. The most common types are papillary and follicular cancer, which have high survival rates if caught early.
Thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid gland, usually caused by an autoimmune reaction or a viral infection. Types include Hashimoto's and subacute thyroiditis.
Diagnosing thyroid disorders involves blood tests that check TSH, T4, T3 levels as well as ultrasound and biopsy. Treatment depends on the cause but may include thyroid hormone replacement pills, radioactive iodine, or thyroid surgery.
With proper treatment, most people with thyroid problems can manage their symptoms and live healthy lives. At Vitality Hormone Clinic, our compassionate providers partner with patients to provide personalized care. We offer cutting-edge testing and treatments to get your thyroid levels balanced and help you feel your best. Contact us today to learn more or schedule an appointment!