Peptides are short chains of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. They are composed of less than 50 amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Peptides play many important roles in the human body. Here are some key facts about peptides:
- Peptides are synthesized naturally in cells from mRNA translation and protein degradation. They can also be synthetically manufactured.
- There are different classes of peptides including neuropeptides, peptide hormones, peptide antibiotics, and more based on their function.
- Well-known peptide hormones include insulin, oxytocin, and ghrelin. These help regulate metabolism, social bonding, hunger and more.
- Neuropeptides like endorphins and enkephalins function as neurotransmitters in the brain and nerves.
- Some peptides have antibiotic properties like polymyxin and gramicidin. Others are cytolytic like melittin found in bee venom.
- Peptides play a key role in immunity. For example, immunoglobulins are Y-shaped peptides produced by plasma cells that tag pathogens for destruction.
- Oligopeptides typically contain 2-20 amino acids, while polypeptides have more than 20 and up to 50 amino acids.
- Larger chains of more than 50 amino acids are usually referred to as proteins rather than peptides.
- Peptide supplements like collagen peptides have gained popularity in recent years for claimed anti-aging, muscle building, and joint protective benefits, though more research is still needed on these supplements.
- Peptide therapy is also emerging for treating hormonal issues, injury recovery, and autoimmune conditions. Specialized clinics like Vitality Hormone Clinic offer personalized peptide therapy programs overseen by expert medical providers to help patients get their optimal peptide regimens tailored to their health goals. Their team stays up-to-date on the latest peptide research and options to provide patients with cutting-edge treatment plans using peptides.
I hope this overview on what peptides are and how they function provides helpful background on this important class of biological molecules! Let me know if you have any other questions. Peptide therapy is an exciting new field with a lot of potential, so consider consulting with specialized providers like Vitality Hormone Clinic if peptides may help with your health and wellness goals. Their expert team can advise you on creating a customized peptide regimen designed just for you.